Merkel Cell Carcinoma and the Innovative Immunotherapy: A Case Report
Fernando Augusto Pacífico
Faculty of Medicine of Olinda – FMO, Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Ohanna Louise Vasconcelos de Aquino Santos
Faculty of Medicine of Olinda – FMO, Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Rafaella Monique de Aquino Lopes Melo
Faculty of Medicine of Olinda – FMO, Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Evely Figueiredo Feitoza
Faculty of Medicine of Olinda – FMO, Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Hanna Ravigna Duarte Sena e Silva
Faculty of Medicine of Olinda – FMO, Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Thiago José Monteiro Borges da Silva Valente *
Faculty of Medicine of Olinda – FMO, Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Ismael Felipe Gonçalves Galvão
Faculty of Medicine of Olinda – FMO, Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Luciana Maria Queiroz de Oliveira Borges
Faculty of Medicine of Olinda – FMO, Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: Reports a case of an 82-year-old male patient with metastatic Merkel Cells Carcionoma (MCC) and review the main aspects.
Presentation of the Case: In this study, the patient had a lesion on his face in the right frontal region, whose immunohistochemical study confirmed MCC, and he underwent exeresis of the tumor. After the appearance of new lesions in other locations, some of which were metastatic, radiotherapy was performed and, after that, immunotherapy, with the latter showing clinical improvement and remission of the lesions.
Discussion: Despite its rarity, there has been a growing incidence of MCC. Given the high immunogenicity of merkel cell polyomavirus and human polyomavirus form’s, the need for therapies aimed at these mechanisms is confirmed. Immunotherapy, with avelumab for example, is making progress in the treatment of MCC, not only in terms of patient survival but also in terms of a better quality of life, especially in terms of psychological well-being and physical performance, as well as having fewer adverse effects compared to radiotherapy.
Conclusion: The immunotherapy is a promising option in the face of this challenging condition, particularly in the elderly and immunocompromised. The results after this treatment suggest the need for greater monitoring and research into its long-term effectiveness in the treatment of MCC, in addition to the search for validation of an approach that provides the patient with a better prognosis and greater quality of life.
Keywords: Merkel cell tumor, carcinoma, Merkel cell, skin neoplasms, case report